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Planting infected seed increases the potential of harvesting infected tubers. Bacterial soft rots are a group of diseases that cause more crop loss worldwide than any other bacterial disease. ), able to cause disease in almost any plant tissue it invades. The bacterium can reside in soil for many years. Bacterial soft rot of potato tuber is a representative disease commonly encountered when a potato that looks healthy on the outside is squeezed and found to be liquefied, or macerated, inside. Applications Development of genetically modified potatoes and other Solanaceous plants, such as tomato, pepper or eggplant, that are resistant to bacterial soft rot. The soft rot bacteria can be carried on seed pieces, borne in soil, borne in water, carried on insect bodies and equipment. Warm and moist weather is highly favorable for infection. For a grower of potatoes, there is a possibility that 100% of a whole season's yield could be destroyed due to insufficient conditions in a storage facility. In potato, efforts to understand how soft rot bacteria infect and spread between healthy plants have been made for over a century. When expressed in potato, this gene confers bacterial soft rot resistance in the foliage of the plant. Bacterial soft rots damage succulent plant parts such as fruits, tubers, stems and bulbs of plants in nearly every plant family. Cultivation, harvesting, handling, freezing or insect injuries are often points of initial infection. ), squash and other cucurbits, onion, green peppers, etc. Soft rot bacteria survive in soil and decaying plant material, and infect plants through wounds, stomata or hydathodes. Soft rot bacteria survive in soil and decaying plant material, and infect plants through wounds, stomata or hydathodes. The soft-rot … Sour skin occurs on both onion and garlic but usually is only a concern on onion. The pathogen is generally spread by irrigation water, rain, … The bacterium can be easily transmitted during pruning operations, splashing of infested soil on to plants with wounds and movement by chewing insects and larvae. The bacteria cause severe rots in the field and in storage, leading to considerable harvest losses. Life Cycle: Bacteria that cause soft rot are ubiquitous in the environment and are associated with surface water, the rhizosphere, and soil. Center rot initially affects aboveground tissues but causes bulb rot if the crop is infected late in the season. The pathogen is generally spread by irrigation water, rain, … Soft rots generally appear just before or at harvest, or during storage. The onion maggot is an important vector in carrying the bacteria from one plant to another and causing wounds for the infection to enter the bulb. Cultivation, harvesting, handling, freezing or insect injuries are often points of initial infection. E.carotovora is an agent of Soft Bacterial Rot. The neck of the infected bulb is soft when pressed and emits a foul smell. Bacterial Soft Rot Tobias Lunt*, UW-Madison Plant Pathology What is bacterial soft rot? This is a wet rot and is found on fleshy organs such as cyclamen tubers. Bacterial soft rot often occurs during storage. Bacterial soft rot (Pectobacterium carotovorum) is a plant pathogen with a wide host range (carrot, potato, tomato, leafy greens (lettuce, perpetual spinach, cabbage, kale, etc. Specifically, soft rot of potatoes can cause a huge decrease in yield, and is the most serious bacterial disease that potatoes are exposed to. IMPORTANCE Soft rot Enterobacteriaceae are among the most important pathogens of a wide range of vegetables and fruits. The fruits affected by soft rot shows water-soaked lesions which leads to the collapse of the affected fruits. The bacteria enter the crop through wounds and water-soaked tissue. On pepper, the infected fruits collapse and hang like water-filled bags. Weeds in the field especially those related to potatoes such as nightshades and buffalo bur can harbor the bacteria. The bacteria responsible for soft rot produce cellulolytic and pectolytic enzymes that rapidly breakdown cells walls.

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